Chloroform masitepe a Chloroform yokhala ndi chiyero chachikulu
Katundu
Zopanda utoto komanso zowoneka bwino. Zimakhala ndi chikonzero champhamvu. Ili ndi fungo lapadera. Zimakoma kukoma. Samawotcha mosavuta. Mukawonekeranso dzuwa kapena oxidized mlengalenga, pang'onopang'ono imasweka ndikupanga phosgene (Carbyl chloride). Chifukwa chake, 1% ethanol nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ngati chokhazikika. Itha kukhala yolakwika ndi ethanol, ether, benzene ether, kaboni tetrachloride, kaboni pettefide ndi mafuta. Iml amasungunuka mu 200ml madzi (25 ℃). Nthawi zambiri sadzawotcha, koma kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali ku Lawi ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumatha kuwotcha. M'madzi owonjezera, kuwala, kutentha kwakukulu kumachitika, kapangidwe kake koopsa ndi korosrove ndi hydrogen chloride. Maziko olimba ngati Lye ndi Potaziyamu hydroxide amatha kuthyola chloroform kuti alemo ndi kupanga. Pakugwira ntchito mwamphamvu alkali ndi madzi, imatha kupanga zophulika. Kutentha kwambiri ndi madzi, kuwonongeka, kutunga kwa chitsulo ndi zitsulo zina, kusefukira kwa pulasitiki ndi mphira.
Kachitidwe
Trichlortharthane wa mafakitale adatsukidwa ndi madzi kuti achotse ethanol, Aldeyde ndi haidrogen chloride, kenako ndikutsukidwa ndi sodium hydroxide bwino. Madziwo adayesedwa kukhala alkaline ndikusamba kawiri. Pambuyo pouma ndi calcium chloride, distillation, kuti apeze trichloromethane.
Kusunga
Chloroform ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi organic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosungunulira komanso mwakati. Ndiwosintha kwambiri, woyaka komanso wophulika. Chifukwa chake, dziwani izi posungira izi:
1. Malo osungira: chloroform iyenera kusungidwa m'malo ozizira komanso owuma komanso okhazikika, kutali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha kwambiri. Malo osungiramo ayenera kukhala kutali ndi moto, kutentha ndi malo osungirako mabasi, ophulika.
2. Ma Chloroform: Chloroform iyenera kusungidwa mu chidebe chokhazikika cha mtundu wokhazikika, monga mabotolo agalasi, mabotolo apulasitiki kapena ng'oma zachitsulo. Kukhulupirika ndi kulimba kwa ziweto ziyenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi. Zovala za chloroform ziyenera kukhala zotalikirana ndi nitric acid ndi zinthu za alkaline kuti zitetezeke.
3. Pewani chisokonezo: chloroform sayenera kusakanikirana ndi maxidant antidant, olimba, maziko olimba ndi zinthu zina kuti mupewe kuchita zoopsa. Pakakhala zosungirako, kunyamula, kutsegula ndikugwiritsa ntchito, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kuti chiteteze, kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka, kupewa kutayikira ndi ngozi.
4. Pewani magetsi okhazikika: nthawi yosungirako, kutsegula, kutsegula ndikugwiritsa ntchito chloroform, kupewa magetsi osokoneza bongo. Njira zoyenera ziyenera kutengedwa, monga kufooka, zokutira, zida za Antistritic, etc.
5. Chidziwitso cha Zolemba: chidebe cha chloroform chizikhala ndi zilembo zomveka bwino komanso chizindikiritso, zomwe zikuwonetsa deti yosungirako, dzina, chidziwitso ndi chizindikiritso.
Amagwiritsa ntchito
Kutsimikiza kwa cobalt, manganese, i-iridium, ayodini, aposphorous wothandizira. Kutsimikiza kwa itosphorous phosphorous, galasi la mafuta, matope, alkaloid, sera, phosphorous, iodini solve mu seramu.
